Melasma - Skin Conditions

Melasma is a common skin condition where brown or gray-brown patches appear on the face, usually on the cheeks, bridge of the nose, forehead, chin, and above the upper lip. It can also appear on other parts of the body that get lots of sun exposure, like the forearms and neck.

The exact cause of melasma is unknown, but it’s thought to be related to the overproduction of melanin, or pigment, in skin cells due to hormonal changes. This condition is more common in women, particularly during pregnancy when hormonal changes can trigger the condition (then it’s called “the mask of pregnancy”). Birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy can also trigger melasma. Sun exposure is a major risk factor as UV light can increase melanin production.

Melasma is usually a cosmetic concern and not a health risk. Treatment can involve topical lightening agents, like hydroquinone or retinoids, and procedures like chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or laser therapy. Using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing is important to prevent melasma from getting worse.